What Is Water?
Water (H2O: one molecule of water has two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to a single oxygen atom) is a transparent fluid which forms the world’s streams, lakes, oceans and rain. Water is a tasteless, odorless liquid at standard temperature and pressure. The color of water and ice is very slight blue hue, although water appears colorless in small quantities. Water vapor is essentially invisible as a gas.
The volume of water one Earth would be about 332,500,000 cubic miles or 1,386,000,000 cubic kilometers. Water also exists in the air as water vapor, lakes, rivers, icecaps, glaciers, soil moisture, atmosphere, aquifer, and even in human’s body. About 71% of the Earth’s surface is water-covered, and the oceans hold about 96.5% and freshwater has only about 3.5% of all Earth’s water. Over 68% of freshwater is locked up in ice and glaciers, and other 30% is underground water. Fresh surface-water sources, such as rivers and lakes, only constitute about 22,300 cubic miles (936,100 cubic kilometers), which is about 1/150th of one percent of total water. he water is used for domestic, industrial, irrigation, livestock, mining, public supply, thermoelectric power, and aquaculture.
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